IPTV Sports Playlist 16-03-2022
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Different ways to invest in real estate
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When you think about investing in real estate, your home is probably the first thing that comes to mind. Of course, real estate investors have many other options when it comes to choosing an investment, and they're not all real assets.
Key takeaways
- One of the main ways investors make money in real estate is by becoming the landlord of a rental property.
- Flipper buys undervalued real estate, restores it and sells it for profit.
- Real estate investment trusts (REITs) provide exposure to real estate without the need to own, operate or finance the real estate.
Real estate has become a popular investment vehicle over the past 50 years or so. Here are some of the top options for individual investors, and reasons to invest.
Rental Properties
If you invest in rental property, you become a landlord - so you need to consider whether you can fit in that role. As a landlord, you will be responsible for paying the mortgage, property taxes and insurance, maintaining the property, finding tenants, and dealing with any issues.
Unless you hire a property manager to handle the details, being a landlord is a hands-on investment. Depending on your situation, looking after the property and tenants can be a 24/7 job and not always pleasant. However, if you choose your property and tenants carefully, you can reduce the risk of major problems.
One way landlords make money is by collecting rent. How much rent you can charge depends on where the rent is located. Still, it can be difficult to determine the best rent because if you charge too much you will drive out tenants and if you charge too little you will leave money on the table.
A common strategy is to charge enough rent to cover expenses until the mortgage has been paid, at which point most of the rent turns into profit.
Another major way landlords make money is through appreciation. If your property appreciates in value, you can sell it for a profit (when the time is right) or borrow equity for your next investment. While real estate does appreciate in value, there are no guarantees.
Historical prices
Real estate has long been considered a sound investment, and for good reason. Prior to 2007, historical housing data suggested prices could continue to climb indefinitely. With few exceptions, the average selling price of a home in the U.S. rose every year between 1963 and 2007—the start of the Great Depression.
This chart from the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis shows average selling prices between 1963 and 2019 (the latest data available). 1 The light gray shaded area indicates a U.S. recession.
Of course, the worst housing downturn before the COVID-19 pandemic coincided with the Great Recession. The outcome of the coronavirus crisis remains to be seen. Home sales could plummet amid shutdowns, social distancing and staggering job losses. While that doesn't necessarily mean house prices will follow suit, it will at least change the way people buy and sell real estate -- at least in the short term.
Flip the house
Like day traders who stay away from buy-and-hold investors, real estate speculators are nothing like buying and selling landlords. Flippers buy properties for short-term holdings — usually no more than three to four months — and then sell them quickly for a profit.
There are two main ways to flip properties:
1. Fixes and updates. In this way, you buy a property that you think will increase in value with certain repairs and updates. Ideally, you get the job done as quickly as possible and then sell for more than your total investment (including renovations).
2. Hold and resell. This flip works differently. Rather than buying a property and fixing it up, buy in a fast-rising market, hold it for a few months, and sell at a profit.
With either type of flip, you run the risk of not being able to unload the property for a profit. This can present challenges, as flippers often don't have enough cash to pay their mortgages over the long term. Still, if done the right way, flipping can be a lucrative way to invest in real estate.
REITs
A real estate investment trust (REIT) is created when a company (or trust) is formed to use investor funds to buy, operate, and sell income-producing properties. REITs are traded on major exchanges, just like stocks and exchange-traded funds (ETFs).
To qualify as a REIT, the entity must pay shareholders 90% of its taxable profits in the form of dividends. By doing so, the REIT can avoid paying corporate income tax, while the average corporation will be taxed on its profits, cannibalizing the returns it can distribute to shareholders.
Like regular dividend-paying stocks, REITs are suitable for investors who want regular income, although they also offer the opportunity for appreciation. REITs invest in a variety of properties, such as malls (about a quarter of REITs specialize in these), healthcare facilities, mortgages and office buildings. Compared to other types of real estate investments, REITs have the advantage of being highly liquid.
Real estate investment group
Real estate investment groups (REIGs) are sort of like small mutual funds that rent out properties. If you want to own a rental property but don't want the hassle of being a landlord, a real estate investment group may be your solution.
A company will buy or build a building, usually an apartment, and then allow investors to buy them through the company, thus joining the group. A single investor can own one or more separate living spaces. But the company that runs the investment group manages all the units and is responsible for maintenance, advertising and finding tenants. In exchange for this management, the company charges a percentage of the monthly rent.
There are several versions of investment groups. In the standard version, the lease is in the investor's name and all units have a lump sum of rent to prevent occasional vacancies.This means that even if your unit is empty, you will receive enough money to pay the mortgage.
The quality of an investment group depends entirely on the company that provides it. In theory, it's a safe way to invest in real estate, but groups can charge the kind of steep fees that plague the mutual fund industry. As with all investments, research is key.
Real estate limited partnership
A real estate limited partnership (RELP) is similar to a real estate investment group. It is an entity designed to buy and hold a series of properties, or sometimes just one property. However, RELPs have a limited lifespan.
Experienced property managers or real estate development companies as general partners. Outside investors are then sought to finance the real estate project in exchange for a limited partner's share of ownership.
Partners may receive regular distributions from the income generated by the RELP's properties, but the real return comes when the property is sold - with luck, for a good profit - and the RELP dissolves down the road.
Real estate mutual funds
Real estate mutual funds invest primarily in real estate investment trusts and real estate operating companies. They offer the ability to gain diversified exposure to real estate with relatively little capital. Depending on their strategy and diversification goals, they provide investors with a wider range of asset options than would be possible through the purchase of individual REITs.
Like REITs, these funds are highly liquid. Another significant advantage for retail investors is the analytical and research information provided by the fund. This can include details about the acquired asset and management's views on the viability and performance of a particular real estate investment and as an asset class.
More speculative investors can invest in a family of real estate mutual funds, strategically adding to certain real estate types or regions to maximize returns.
Why invest in real estate?
Real estate can enhance the risk and return profile of an investor's portfolio, providing competitive risk-adjusted returns. Generally speaking, the real estate market is one of the low volatility markets, especially when compared to stocks and bonds.
Real estate is also attractive compared to more traditional sources of income returns. This asset class typically trades at higher yields than U.S. Treasuries and is especially attractive in an environment of lower Treasury rates.
Diversity and protection
Another benefit of investing in real estate is its diversification potential. Real estate has a low, and in some cases negative, correlation with other major asset classes - meaning that when stocks fall, real estate generally rises.
This means that adding real estate to a portfolio can reduce its volatility and provide a higher return per unit of risk. The more direct a real estate investment is, the better the hedging: Less direct publicly traded vehicles, such as REITs, will mirror the performance of the broader stock market.
Tips: Some analysts believe that REITs and the stock market are more correlated because REITs stocks are represented on the S&P 500.
Because it is backed by an entity, direct real estate also reduces principal-agent conflicts, or the extent to which the investor's interests depend on the integrity and competence of managers and debtors. Even the more indirect forms of investment have some protection. For example, REITs require a minimum percentage of profits (90%) to be paid out as dividends.
Inflation hedge
The inflation-hedging power of real estate stems from the positive correlation between gross domestic product (GDP) growth and real estate demand. As the economy expands, demand for real estate drives up rents, which in turn translates into higher capital values. Therefore, real estate tends to maintain the purchasing power of capital, bypass some of the tenants' inflationary pressures, and absorb some of the inflationary pressures in the form of capital appreciation.
The power of leverage
In addition to REITs, investing in real estate provides investors with a tool that stock market investors cannot: leverage. If you want to buy stock, you must pay the full value of the stock when you place the order - unless you are buying on margin. Even so, thanks to the magic of financing a mortgage, the percentage you can borrow is still a lot less than real estate.
Most traditional mortgages require a 20% down payment. However, depending on where you live, you may be able to find a mortgage for as little as 5%. This means that you pay a fraction of the total value to control the entire property and the equity it holds. Of course, the size of your mortgage will affect the amount of ownership you actually have in the property, but you can control it the moment the document is signed.
This is what encourages real estate flippers and landlords. They can take out a second mortgage for their home and make payments on two or three other properties. Whether they are renting out these assets so that tenants can pay their mortgages, or waiting to sell at a profit, they control these assets, even though they pay only a fraction of the total value.
Bottom line
Real estate can be a solid investment and has the potential to provide steady income and build wealth. Still, one disadvantage of investing in real estate is illiquidity: the relative difficulty of converting assets into cash and cash into assets.
Unlike a stock or bond transaction that can be completed in seconds, a real estate transaction can take months to complete. Finding the right counterparty can take weeks, even with the help of a broker. Of course, REITs and real estate mutual funds offer better liquidity and market pricing. But they come at the cost of higher volatility and lower diversification yields because they are much more correlated with the overall stock market than direct real estate investing.
As with any investment, keep your expectations realistic and make sure you do your homework and research before making any decisions.
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IPTV Sports Playlist 16-03-2022
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